Language Bengali. Bangla-Arabic Dictionary Identifier BanglaArabicDictionary. Kamusul Ittisali Bangla-Arabic.pdf download.
A series of picture stories narrated in Bengali Bengali ( ), also known by its Bangla (:; বাংলা), is an primarily spoken by the in the. It is the official and most widely spoken language of and second most widely spoken of the 18, behind.
The and of is Modern Standard Bengali (Literary Bengali). It serves as the of the nation, with 98% of Bangladeshis being fluent in Bengali (including dialects) as their. Within India, Bengali is the official language of the states of, and the in the state of. It is also spoken in different parts of the Brahmaputra valley of Assam. It is also the most widely spoken language in the in the Bay of Bengal, and is spoken by significant minorities in other states including,.
With approximately 250–300 million total speakers worldwide, Bengali is usually counted as the by population. Dictionaries from the early 20th century attributed slightly more than half of the Bengali vocabulary to native words (i.e., naturally modified words, corrupted forms of words, and loanwords from non-Indo-European languages), about 30 percent to unmodified Sanskrit words, and the remainder to foreign words. Dominant in the last group was, which was also the source of some grammatical forms.
More recent studies suggest that the use of native and foreign words has been increasing, mainly because of the preference of Bengali speakers for the colloquial style., with its and, has extensively developed since the and is one of the most prominent and diverse literary traditions in Asia. Both the national anthems of Bangladesh ( ) and India ( ) were composed in Bengali. The first two verses of a patriotic song written in Bengali by, was adopted as the 'national song' of India in both the colonial period and later in 1950 in independent India.
Furthermore, it is believed by many that the national anthem of Sri Lanka was inspired by a Bengali poem written by, while some even believe the anthem was originally written in Bengali and then translated into. In 1952, the successfully pushed for the language's official status in the, allowing for education in and official use of the language. In 1999, recognized as in recognition of the language movement in (now Bangladesh). Language is an important element of and binds together a region.
See also: Bengali is and language of, and one of the 23 in. It is the official language of the Indian states of, and in of. Bengali is a second official language of the of since September 2011. It is also a recognized secondary language in the City of in Pakistan. The Department of Bengali in the also offers regular programs of studies at the Bachelors and at the Masters levels for Bengali Literature.
The national anthems of both and were written in Bengali by the Bengali Nobel laureate. In 2009, elected representatives in both Bangladesh and West Bengal called for Bengali language to be made an. Dialects. Main article: There are various ways of Romanisation systems of Bengali created in recent years which have failed to represent the true Bengali phonetic sound. The Bengali alphabet has often been included with the group of Brahmic scripts for romanisation where the true phonetic value of Bengali is never represented.
Some of them are the or IAST system (based on diacritics), 'Indian languages Transliteration' or (uses upper case letters suited for keyboards), and the. In the context of Bengali, it is important to distinguish from. Transliteration is orthographically accurate (i.e.
The original spelling can be recovered), whereas transcription is phonetically accurate (the pronunciation can be reproduced). Although it might be desirable to use a transliteration scheme where the original Bengali orthography is recoverable from the Latin text, Bengali words are currently Romanized on Wikipedia using a, where the true phonetic pronunciation of Bengali is represented with no reference to how it is written. The most recent attempt has been by publishers with the launch of three popular children's books, Abol Tabol, Hasi Khusi and Sahoj Path in Roman script at the Kolkata Book Fair 2018. Published under the imprint of Benglish Books, these are based on phonetic transliteration and closely follow spellings used in social media but for using an underline to describe soft consonants. Haldar, Gopal (2000).
Languages of India. National Book Trust, India. Hayes, B; Lahiri, A (1991). 'Bengali intonational phonology'. Springer Science. Keith, Arthur Berriedale (1998).
The Sanskrit Drama. Motilal Banarsidass Publ. Klaiman, MH (1987).
In Bernard Comrie. The World's Major Languages. Croon Helm, London and Sydney.
Masica, C (1991). 'The Indo-Aryan Languages'.
Cambridge Univ. Radice, W (1994). Teach Yourself Bengali: A Complete Course for Beginners.
NTC/Contemporary Publishing Company. Ray, P; Hai, MA; Ray, L (1966). 'Bengali language handbook'.
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Center for Applied Linguistics, Washington. Sen, D (1996). 'Bengali Language and Literature'. International Centre for Bengal Studies, Calcutta. Shah, Natubhai (1998). Jainism: The World of Conquerors.
Sussex Academic Press. Tagore, Rabindranath; Das, Sisir Kumar (1996). The English Writings of Rabindranath Tagore. Sahitya Akademi.
J.; Dalton, D. The States of South Asia: Problems of National Integration. Essays in Honour of W.
University of Hawaii Press. Bonazzi, E (2008). Grammatica Bengali.
Bologna: Libreria Bonomo Editrice. Shaw, Rameswar Sadharan Bhasabigna O Bangal Bhasa, Pustak Bipani, Kolkata, 1997. Haldar, Narayan Bengali Bhasa Prsanga: Banan Kathan Likhanriti, Pustak Bipani, Kolkata, 2007. Further reading. Thompson, Hanne-Ruth (2012). Volume 18 of London Oriental and African Language Library.
John Benjamins Publishing. Dasgupta, Probal (2003). In George Cardona and Dhanesh Jain, (eds) The Indo-Aryan languages.
London/New York: Routledge, 351-390. External links of, the free encyclopedia.
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Idioms:. In full swing ( পুরাদমে ) The school is now in full swing. Apple of discord ( বিবাদেয় বিষয় ) The paternal property has become an apple of discord between the two brothers. a rotten apple ( কোনো একটা দলের সব ভালোর মধ্যে খারাপ বা মন্দটা ) In any group of average citizens there are bound to be a few rotten apples. A bed of roses thorns ( কন্টকময় জীবন ) Life is nothing but a bed of roses. cringing flatterer ( খঁয়ের খা ). a bad apple ( কোনো একটা দলের সব ভালোর মধ্যে খারাপ বা মন্দটা ) In any group of average citizens there are bound to be a few bad apples.